Comparative Study on Post Operative Analgesia Produced by Tramadol and Diclofenac after Epidural Lidocaine in Dogs

Muhammad Ramzan; Habibullah Janyaro; Muhammad Faiz Khand; Hidayatullah Soomro; Rameez Raja  Kaleri; Syed Sabir Ali Shah; Sahir Odhano; Wakash .; Tamseel Saleem; Dilpat Rahi

doi:10.56810/jpbm.003.02.0105

Authors

Muhammad Ramzan Department of Veterinary Surgery, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand
Habibullah Janyaro Department of Veterinary Surgery, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand
Muhammad Faiz Khand Department of Veterinary Surgery, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand
Hidayatullah Soomro Department of Veterinary Medicine, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand
Rameez Raja Kaleri Livestock and Fisheries Department Government of Sindh
Syed Sabir Ali Shah Livestock and Fisheries Department Government of Sindh
Sahir Odhano Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand
Wakash . Department of Veterinary Surgery, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand
Tamseel Saleem Department of Biotechnology, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand
Dilpat Rahi Department of Veterinary Surgery, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56810/jpbm.003.02.0105

Keywords:

Pain, Orchiectomy, Analgesic protocols, Physiological parameters, Wound healing

Abstract

Pain is a complex sensory and emotional experience linked to tissue injury that affects physiology. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of three different epidural analgesic protocols: lidocaine alone (L), lidocaine plus diclofenac (LD), and lidocaine plus tramadol (LT) in managing post-operative pain in dogs undergoing orchiectomy. Twelve healthy adult male dogs were randomly divided into three treatment groups. All animals were administered an epidural injection, with lidocaine and tramadol given at 2 mg/kg body weight each, and diclofenac at a dose of 1 mg/kg. This was performed after premedication and anesthesia induction using propofol. Before and during surgery, key physiological parameters (heart rate, respiratory rate, esophageal temperature, hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2), and blood pressure), time durations (anesthesia time, surgery time, and recovery time), post-operative pain assessment, and wound healing assessment were monitored. The results showed a significant decrease in vital signs across groups during surgery. The time durations showed a significant difference (p<0.05) except for recovery time (p=0.45). Post-operative pain evaluation revealed that group L provided pain relief for 3 hours, LD for 6 hours, and LT for 8 hours. All groups healed within two weeks, with group LT showing faster recovery comparatively. It is concluded that the combination of epidural lidocaine and tramadol is a better option for post-operative analgesia and faster wound healing. It is suggested to use this combination for orchiectomy in dogs.