Role of Cerebroplacental Ratio in Diagnosing IUGR and Predicting Perinatal Outcome

Abstract

According to sonographic measurement, IUGR exists when estimated fetal weight falls below the 10th percentile for gestational age. The cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) works as a sensitive tool to forecast fetal growth retardation because it evaluates both umbilical artery (UA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) Doppler findings. The research examined CPR's diagnostic abilities for IUGR through comparison against low birth weight as the reference standard. Two hundred pregnant women underwent selection at the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology within Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore, during labor room operations. The Doppler ultrasound technique assessed UA and MCA pulsatility indexes for IUGR diagnosis when their ratio fell below 1.08. Healthcare providers tracked the patients until they delivered their babies while logging down birth weights. A considerable number of participants who took part in the study were aged 28.8 ± 4.63 years, while their gestational age measured 38.72 ± 1.05 weeks, following an average maternal childbirth count of 3.08 ± 1.36. Among the 200 pregnant women studied, IUGR occurred in 23.5% (n=47), and low birth weight affected 26% (n=52) of the participants. The mean birth weight measurement stood at 2965.225 ± 387.15 grams. The diagnostic precision of CPR was excellent because it showed sensitivity values at 82.69% and specificity at 97.29%. Additionally, it demonstrated a positive predictive value of 91.48% and a negative predictive value of 94.12%, with overall accuracy reaching 93.5%. Medical professionals can rely on CPR as an exact tool to detect IUGR because research shows it can work effectively within healthcare environments without premium diagnostic instruments.