Evaluation of In Silico, Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Properties of Syzygium cumini fruit Extract

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus represents a significant global health challenge requiring innovative therapeutic approaches. This study investigates the phytochemical composition, antidiabetic potential, and antioxidant activities of Syzygium cumini fruit extracts through comprehensive in vitro and in silico methodologies. Both aqueous and ethanolic extracts were prepared and analyzed for bioactive compounds. Antidiabetic activity was evaluated using α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays. Molecular docking studies were conducted to predict the binding affinity of identified compounds with key diabetic target proteins. Results revealed significant presence of bioactive compounds in both extracts. The extracts demonstrated substantial α-amylase (IC₅₀: 45.2 μg/ml) and α-glucosidase (IC₅₀: 38.7 μg/ml) inhibitory activities. Strong antioxidant potential was observed with DPPH scavenging activity reaching 87.3% at 500 μg/ml concentration. Molecular docking analysis revealed promising binding interactions between major compounds and diabetic target proteins, supporting the traditional use of S. cumini in diabetes management.