Impact of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Maternal and Fetal Health: A Hospital Perspective

Abstract

Introduction: This study investigates the prevalence and risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among diabetic pregnant women and pregnant normal women in Muridke, Pakistan. Methodology: Data was  collected from 80 participants at THQ Hospital Muridke using a structured questionnaire. Statistical analyses, including Chi-square tests, Mann-Whitney U tests,  Logistic Regression, and factor score analysis with a Binomial test, were conducted to identify significant associations. Results: The results indicate that GDM is significantly linked to a history of high blood sugar, previous gestational diabetes, hypertension, high sugar intake, and pregnancy complications, while healthy eating habits and lower HbA1c levels serve as protective factors. The mean factor score was found to be  , suggesting a strong overall relationship between these variables and the presence of GDM. Risk complications significantly effect on diabetic pregnant and non-diabetic pregnant women life. Conclusion: These findings highlight the urgent need for early screening, lifestyle modifications, and health education to reduce the risks associated with gestational diabetes and improve maternal and neonatal health outcomes.